![]() Ten Colossi were in use by the end of the war. An improved Colossus Mark 2 first worked on 1 June 1944, just in time for the Normandy Landings. The prototype, Colossus Mark 1, was shown to be working in December 1943 and was operational at Bletchley Park by February 1944. They used vacuum tubes (thermionic valves) to perform the calculations.Ĭolossus was designed by engineer Tommy Flowers with input from Harry Fensom, Allen Coombs, Sid Broadhurst and Bill Chandler at the Post Office Research Station, Dollis Hill to solve a problem posed by mathematician Max Newman at Bletchley Park. These were the world's first programmable, digital, electronic, computing devices. The Colossus machines were electronic computing devices used by British codebreakers to help read encrypted German messages during World War II. ![]()
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